Understanding about Import Letter of Credit
A Letter of Credit (LC) is a financial instrument used in international trade transactions to provide a guarantee of payment to the seller by a bank on behalf of the buyer. It ensures that the seller will receive the payment as long as they meet the terms and conditions specified in the LC.
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Documents Required for Letter of Credit:
- Commercial Invoice: It includes details of the goods or services being traded, such as quantity, price, and description.
- Bill of Lading: This document confirms the shipment of goods and serves as proof of ownership and receipt.
- Packing List: It provides a detailed list of the contents of the shipment, including the quantity, weight, and packaging of each item.
- Insurance Certificate: It is required for goods in transit to cover any potential loss or damage during transportation.
- Certificate of Origin: This document certifies the country of origin of the goods and may be necessary for customs clearance and duty assessment.
- Inspection Certificate: In some cases, a certificate from an independent inspection agency may be required to verify the quality, quantity, or conformity of the goods.
Types of Letters of Credit:
- Revocable Letter of Credit: It can be amended or cancelled by the buyer or issuing bank without prior notice to the seller. However, it is rarely used today due to its lack of security.
- Irrevocable Letter of Credit: This type of LC cannot be cancelled or amended without the agreement of all parties involved. It provides more security for both the buyer and the seller.
- Confirmed Letter of Credit: In addition to the issuing bank's guarantee, a confirming bank adds its own guarantee to the LC. This type provides extra assurance to the seller, especially when dealing with unfamiliar or high-risk buyers.
- Standby Letter of Credit: It serves as a backup payment method if the buyer fails to fulfill their obligations. It is commonly used in situations such as construction projects, where the seller needs assurance of payment in case of default.
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Letter of Credit Cost and Application Process:
The cost of a Letter of Credit can vary depending on factors such as the issuing bank, the amount of the LC, and the risk involved. Typically, the cost is based on a percentage of the LC's value, known as a commission fee. Other charges may include amendment fees, advising fees, and confirmation fees.
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To apply for an LC, you need to follow these steps:
- Agreement between Buyer and Seller: Both parties agree to use an LC as the payment method and specify the terms and conditions
- Application to the Issuing Bank: The buyer applies to their bank (the issuing bank) to issue the LC. They provide the necessary details, including the type of LC, the amount, the expiration date, and the beneficiary (seller).
- Issuing Bank Evaluates Creditworthiness: The issuing bank assesses the buyer's creditworthiness and may require collateral or a cash deposit to secure the LC.
- Issuance of the LC: Once approved, the issuing bank will issue the LC in favor of the beneficiary (seller) and send it to the advising bank (usually located in the seller's country).
- Advice to the Seller: The advising bank verifies the authenticity of the LC and advises the seller about its issuance.
- Shipment and Presentation of Documents: The seller ships the goods and prepares the required documents as per the LC's terms and conditions.
- Documents Examination and Payment: The advising bank checks the presented documents for compliance with the LC. If the documents are in order, the bank will make the payment to the seller.
It's important to note that the LC process involves a considerable amount of paperwork and requires adherence to the terms and conditions stated in the LC. Therefore, it is advisable to consult with professionals experienced in international trade and banking to ensure a smooth and successful transaction.
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Registered office :- 2ND FLOOR, 31, FIE,
PATPARGANJ, East Delhi, Delhi, 110092
PATPARGANJ, East Delhi, Delhi, 110092
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C,b-8, Sector -62, Gautam Budh Nagar, ( Up),
India Pin 201309
